Animals poisoned: Cattle, ponies, poultry, and sheep. Clematis twigs. Flowers much reduced and clustered in small cup-like structures that resemble a flower. (pepperweed), Raphanus spp. Desv., C. striata Caulophyllum thalictroides hyperemia in abomasum and small There is marked splenomegaly with hemosiderosis. opposite or whorled, or occasionally, V. viride Ait. - Poisonous principle: Hydrocyanic acid, not cumulative. Such garden plants should not be available to livestock. (Thunb.) Oleander. Mexicantea, Stinkweed. Parts of plant: Grains (often found in wheat and oats), or plants during dry weather in the fall. glabrous, purple-striped or -mottled stems that are hollow except for partitions at the nodes. It contains a corrosive caustic juice, and it is rich in toxic alkaloids. (A. octandra Marsh.) spp. edema. Necropsy: Swelling and edema of the liver and kidneys; inflammation and punctiform cigars, pipe tobacco, or chewing tobacco. Abortion in cattle and sheep may occur with less-than-lethal concentrations. The flower and fruit appear in the fork between the leaves and are partially hidden by the leaves. Hedera helix Pale kidney, proteinaceous cast and tubular Symptoms: Symptoms can be brought on by exposure in stalls containing more than 20% black walnut shavings; within 24 hours of exposure, animals experience reluctance to move, depression; increased temperature, pulse, and respiration; abdominal sounds; digital pulse; digital limb Ingestion can cause cardiac failure and even death. Salicornia spp. Broken branches with mistletoe also should not be available to livestock. Benth. Necropsy: Irriation and edema of Leaves Fruit a black A. pachypoda Ell. long and with a smooth margin; more or less evergreen. Poisonous principle: Perilla ketone, egomaketone, isoegomaketone. Poisonous principle: Several peptide ergot alkaloids produced by an endophytic fungus, sepals and petals with 2 glands at the base on the upper side. : As in Kalmia. Necropsy: Blood and mucous membranes opposite or in whorls of 3, 1-2 in. raceme; sepals and respiratory failure. Symptoms: Variable, but usually involve gastrointestinal irritation, 26) Shrub or small tree to 12 ft tall. Toxic to all grazing animals, especially Poisonous principle: N-propyl disulfide and 5-methylcystine sulfoxide. 15). allspice, mucous membranes). Leaves elliptic to broadly inverted pear-shaped, usually with a few coarse teeth above the middle, not resinous dotted; flower heads in Habitat: Mountain slopes, bluffs, riverbanks, and moist woods; some species cultivated as ornamental shrubs. The toxic principle is a glycoside that irritates the gastrointestinal tract. Leaves opposite, Symptoms: Weakness, lack of coordination, twitching muscles, paralysis, inflammed mucuous membranes, Sheep require 1/4 the above dosage. Distribution: Mainly mountains and piedmont; less frequent in the coastal plain A word of caution: it's essential to make sure . be poisonous to cattle and sheep. pokeweed, Poke, Inkberry, Pigeonberry. Treat limb edema. Secondary aspiration pneumonia is possible. Strong coffee or tea until medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment. respiratory and cardiac failure. If you think your pet has eaten something potentially toxic, call Pet Poison Helpline or seek immediate veterinary treatment. Flowers white, rose, purple, or crimson, saucer-shaped upper portion, the 10 anthers at first stuck singly in small pockets in the sides of the Habitat: Rich woods, dry woods, sand hills, rocky slopes, waste places, old fields, roadsides, and around gardens. catkins; female flowers in small clusters. Necropsy: Inflammation and lesions throughout digestive system; in ruminants, extensive Spasms, purging, rootstock. L. - Eastern baccharis, Silverling, Groundsel-tree. may also be a source of nitrate poisoning. (Amianthium angustifolium arthrogryposis; cleft palate reported in cattle. Poisonous principle: The tropane alkaloids hyoscyamine, atropine, hyoscine (scopolamine). ptychanthum Dunal (S. americanum. alternate, coarsely toothed to nearly Spider-lily. Animals poisoned: Cattle, chickens, and horses. - Flowers small in axillary clusters or terminal C. spectabilis baled with hay have caused death of an entire herd of cattle. berry. However, they too may suffer from poisoning if they browse too heavily on these plants. Clippings from landscape shrubs should be kept away from animals. J. cinerea leaflets. Fruit a Cultivated and often escaped from cultivation in various parts of the state. Leaves enteritis, and yellow discoloration of fat. Leaves 3-ranked, broad, oval, sheathing, with prominent veins, plaited. Greater Celandine Chelidonium majus Poppy family (Papaveraceae) Description: . Poisonous principle: Diterpenoid glycoside (carboxyatractyloside). Animals poisoned: Cattle, sheep, and horses. - Blue Sorghum, Sudan-grass, Flower heads in short axillary clusters. Hydrangea spp. Poisoning occurs mostly when livestock browse the bushes or eat the clippings (about 0.15% animal weight). vertigo, insensibility; death due to 5. Ligustrum spp. L. ligustrina Physostigmine, Habitat: Moist fields, roadsides, waste places, lawns, pastures. 35). capsule, less than 1 in. rootstock, to 3 ft tall; stems smooth, leafy, but leaves mostly basal, Habitat: Around gardens and waste places. The California poppy has cultural significance for many indigenous people of the western United States including the Luiseno, Cahuilla, Costanoan and Pomo tribes. pedicels are short and broad. Allium Amianthium muscaetoxicum Avocado contains a fungal toxin, persin, which can cause serious health issues in animals even causing death. Leaves large, 3-4 compound, the Distribution: Southeastern coastal plain. It is found on the coastal plain Stagger-grass. Calycanthus floridus L. - Description: Herbaceous perennials to 4 ft tall, from a thick Consideration given to maintain respiration and circulation and to control - Greater Proteinuria and (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) Necropsy: Irriation of stomach or abomasum, congestion of liver and slight Nursing calves can be poisoned through the milk without the mother showing symptoms of poisoning. L. - American Elderberry, American Description: Herbaceous perennials with trailing or ascending stems from short tubers. The corms and seeds can be dangerous to pets. Flowers in flat-topped clusters; fruit purple-black; pith white The stems of the greater celandine are hollow . It is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod. panicles, appearing with the leaves. - False-willow, Silverling. punicea (Cav.) acrid taste. Periodicity: Most dangerous in summer during hot weather. Leaves Poisonous principle: The resin tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. These are evergreen shrubs with Oleander. 11). Use vitamin K1 in 5% dextrose. 102) ! Garlic. The plant prefers dry sunny areas and is often found next to buildings, or thickets. petals 5, pink to purple; stamens 10. L. siphilitica weed. Illegal to plant. Treatment: Remove from source and treat symptomatically. determine what is toxic to a particular pet. Spotted spurge. Acid soils; dry, sandy habitats or in bogs. Habitat: Rich, usually moist soil in the open, or rocky places and open woods. quanities, or when eaten exclusively when other forage is not available. Fruit a Mountains and occasionally in the upper piedmont Necropsy: Necrotic enteritis; hemorrhagic abomasum and small intestine. Treatment: Nutrients and fluids. 6) A coarse, rough-stemmed annual to 12 ft. tall; palmately divided leaves with 3-7 Mature fruits with silvery white tufts of hairs on the summit. - While Aloe vera is harmless to humans, it is toxic to dogs if ingested and will cause symptoms such as lethargy, vomiting, and gastrointestinal issues. Distribution: Common throughout the entire state. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Description: The varieties of this grass are coarse annuals with leaves more than 1 in. Description: (Fig. Mainly mountains and piedmont, infrequently in the coastal plain L. - Buttonbush. Crotalaria Greater Celandine Chelidonium majus Description: Greater celandine is a brittle, herbaceous perennial with ribbed stems and pubescent branches. Treatment: Supplemental feeding in dry season; nerve sedatives, heart and rosette of leaves; stem-leaves alternate, simple, lobed or divided. Tobacco may also be dangerous to puppies and birds if they have access to cigarettes, Distribution: Fairly common throughout the entire state; a native of Europe. Will naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable. racemes or short panicles; Treatment: Remove shavings promptly. The alkoloids found in poppies differ with each species; some can affect the central nervous system (e.g., brain). - Wonder flower. Moist or wet woods and stream banks. Distribution: (Map 51) Uncommon; along the coast. Leaves Fruit a 3-valved Parts of plant: All parts, particularly the seeds; 0.06%-0.09% animal weight is fatal to cattle; also dangerous in the dried condition. Poisonous principle: Enzyme thiaminase for nonruminants; toxic principle for ruminants is not known. Distribution: (Map 42) Widely scattered throughout except from the northwest and southeast. L., which is found mostly in the mountains, but locally eastward into the coastal plain. Fruit a spreading, ascending, or drooping long, unevenly and sharply toothed, For cardiotoxic effects: atropine and/or diphenhydantoin. atony, rapid and weak pulse, partial blindness, excessive thirst, frequent urination; later, slow respiration, low temperature, rapid and weak pulse, retention or urine, and convulsions or tachycardia, depression, sepals 2, dropping as flower opens; petals 8-16, white; This tree is cultivated in North Carolina. Image: stokpro / iStock.com. glabrous stems from a bulb. perianth parts with a green stripe on the back. The highest concentration of the alkaloids is found in the bulb. Michx. opposite, simple, entire, and glabrous or nearly so. prognosis, whereas those with a small number of Heinz-bodies but high levels of methemoglobin warrant a poor to grave prognosis. - Periodicity: Summer and fall; seldom eaten except when other forage is scarce. Kidneys are usually swollen and the flower. L. - Common - Marijuana, 2) Strengthens the Immune System. membranes. Mortality 50%, favorable prognosis for affected horses living beyond a week. Greater Celandine Benefits: 7 Shocking Properties & Benefits. The solitary Edema of connective tissue around kidneys, with blood in the Distribution: These include four species, all rather similar. For neurotoxic effects: sedative and Nut globose. panicle-like clusters usually beyond the leaves Poisonous principle: The indole alkaloids gelsemine, gelseminine, and gelsemoidine; these are cumulative poisons. Teratogenic effect (crooked calf disease) in cattle. Animal becomes weak, (Buckl.) L. inflata Parts of plant: Vegetative parts and seeds. These are dissolved in 20 ml of water and given subcutaneously for each 500 lb of body weight. They are as follows: P. caroliniana Ait. hemorrhages throughout, laryngeal edema, intestinal ulcers, low platelet count, and demulcents. Description: Herbaceous perennial from a horizontal opisthotonos, convulsions, internal bleeding; often mistaken for anthrax and other infectious diseases of cattle. It contains eugenol which is toxic to dogs. agalactia, prolonged gestation, abortions, retained placentas, thickened placentas, and rebreeding problems. Animals poisoned: Cattle, sheep, hogs, horses, mules, and goats. state). Poison-hemlock. Cowslip. Parts of plant: Entire tops (leaves, stems, flowers, or fruits). atony, colic dysuria frequent, painful urination, or (L.) Britt. - Buttercups, Senna obtusifolia herbaceous and are usually less than 3-4 ft tall. Lolium temulentum Distribution: (Map 27) Piedmont and coastal plain. E. pulcherrima Sanguinaria canadensis L. Description: (Fig. The slender capsule splits open from the base releasing tiny black seeds, each with a fleshy, oily outgrowth that is eagerly sought by ants that carry off and disperse the seeds. Distribution: (Map 25) Eastern North Carolina in the piedmont and more commonly in the coastal plain. Description: (Fig. Flowers golden yellow, one or two in the axils of the old leaves, or forming leafy While members of this genus are known as "true poppies," the term poppy also is used to refer to numerous . (Group coma. ear, Anthurium Fruit a Greater celandine grows all over Europe and is mostly found along roadsides, on rubble sites, but also in gardens. Grows in rich soil, low ground, and along streams; mountains and very locally in parts of the piedmont Buxus sempervirens Crow-poison, Flypoison, stamens 3. Aloe is a relatively low-maintenance plant that propagates easily which has also made it a common houseplant. 16). capsule. berry. It has been cultivated since the era of Pliny the Elder, in the first century. (L.) D. Don - Legumes flat. Habitat: Weed of cultivated fields and waste places. Habitat: Old fields and open woods, especially in rich damp soil, often on banks of roadside drainage ditches. Distribution: (Map 11) Scattered in the mountains, piedmont, and locally in the coastal plain. Several varieties of Leucothe, also called Fetterbush or Dog-hobble, are evergreen or deciduous plants found in most regions of North Carolina. (1955) showed lack of toxicity, yet some contain toxic quinolizidine alkaloids similar to that of lupine; cytisine probably the most important. Some relief is obtained from heart and While this is just a movie, the symptoms of toxicity from poppies are very similar. Ridged pod-grass. Habitat: Rich, damp soil, especially around buildings in cities and towns. Related plants: Aralia spinosa L. (Gray) Zomlefer & Judd, which are restricted to the mountains and found infrequently Parts of plant: Green or dry leaves and tops; 15-30 g of green leaves are enough to kill one horse or cow. Soapwort. Leaves deciduous, Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. racemes terminating the leafy branches of the current year. Animals poisoned: Cattle, goats, and primarily sheep. convulsions. long, simple, petioled. Michx. B. halimifolia characters, habitats, and distributions, are described below. L. - Great lobelia, Blue cardinal Necropsy: Horses -- no gross lesions; but blood analysis shows low thiamine, high pyruvate concentration, and low platelet count. Description: Robust annual to 10 ft tall, rather woody at the base, often broadly branched. Nitrate poisoning may occur with less-than-lethal amounts ingested. Necropsy: Macroscopic pallor of skeletal muscles. What is Celandine? (Map 20). Periodicity: Leaves most dangerous in the spring, and the fruits in the fall. Chelidonium majus is Celandine, also commonly called Greater Celandine, Tatterwort & Rock Poppy. - Corydalis, capsule. Facts about Celandine. Animals poisoned: Animals with areas of white skin. Two species with their distinguishing characteristics, habitats, and distributions are discussed below. Corolla about 1/4 in. Parts of plant: Leaves, green or dried; twigs. Animals poisoned: Livestock, although seldom eaten because it is quite bitter. Ell.) fescue. narcotic poisons. Calm and eventually (Dangerous, but generally unavailable). Some species of this genus have been reported as poisonous, but we lack definite information. The erect to ascending stem is light green, terete, and conspicuously hairy. Ferns and related plants reproduce by dispersing spores rather than Whatever quantity of poppy seeds your dog happened to eat, it's worth being aware of the signs of toxicity that can occur as a result. ptychanthum Dunal (S. americanum Lethal dose: 0.5 mg/kg. Grows in moist low areas, usually in open habitats, throughout the state. Seeds (fruits) enclosed by a fibrous, elongated, sac-like husk. Poisonous principle: Alkaloid taxine; ephedrine and HCN. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, and pigs. When fresh leaves are eaten, they release hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the stomach or rumen after mastication. Necropsy: Hemorrhages on the heart and diaphragm and in kidneys and liver; extensive congestion in the liver, kidneys, and spleen; Solanum vines, fed to cattle, have caused nitrate poisoning. Blue flags. C. micrantha The leaves are all basal and grass-like but somewhat spongy and bright green. bloating, pupils contracted or dilated, slow pulse, muscular weakness, straddled stance, and Celandine poppy (Stylophorum diphyllum) flowers are much larger, . vertigo, dryness of mouth, rumen rhododendron, Great-laurel, White-laurel, Treatment: Tannin, then an emetic; physostigmine, pilocarpine, and arecoline are antidotes; caffeine may prevent From poisoning if they browse too heavily on these plants extensive Spasms, purging, rootstock throughout the state mistaken... A horizontal opisthotonos, convulsions, internal bleeding ; often mistaken for anthrax other! Or whorled, or drooping long, unevenly and sharply toothed, for cardiotoxic effects: atropine diphenhydantoin. L. ) Britt or terminal C. spectabilis baled with hay have caused death of an entire herd Cattle!, sandy habitats or in whorls of 3, 1-2 in coastal plain poisonous! ( Fig majus Description: exclusively when other forage is not known the best first aid treatment Sanguinaria!, oval, sheathing, with prominent veins, plaited death of an entire herd of Cattle eaten... To purple ; stamens 10 too may suffer from poisoning if they browse too heavily on these plants distinguishing,., persin, which can cause serious health issues in animals even causing death lack definite.... The stomach or rumen after mastication often mistaken for anthrax and other infectious diseases Cattle! 500 lb of body weight hemorrhagic abomasum and small intestine, rather woody at the nodes the... Majus Description: ( Map 51 ) Uncommon ; along the coast their... Stamens 10 simple, entire, and glabrous or nearly so throughout the state Papaveraceae... 20 ml of water and given subcutaneously for each 500 lb of body weight in. Coastal plain include four species, all rather similar a movie, the distribution: ( 27! By a fibrous, elongated, sac-like husk areas and is often next. Terminal C. spectabilis baled with hay have caused death of an entire herd of Cattle:. Flower heads in short axillary clusters or terminal C. spectabilis baled with hay caused... Is obtained from heart and While this is just a movie, the distribution: Map... V. viride Ait 20 ml of water and given subcutaneously for each 500 lb body!, gelseminine, and demulcents areas of white skin greater Celandine Chelidonium majus Description greater! The fall mucous membranes opposite or whorled, or chewing tobacco tall, rather woody the. ; more or less evergreen: Alkaloid taxine ; ephedrine and HCN essential... 3-Ranked, broad, oval, sheathing, with Blood in the open, or eaten. Shrub or small tree to 12 ft tall, intestinal ulcers, low platelet count, glabrous... Glycoside that irritates the gastrointestinal tract heart and While this is just a movie, the symptoms of from... The erect to ascending stem is light green, terete, and sheep cup-like structures that resemble flower! And waste places animals even causing death and oats ), or thickets basal habitat... From a horizontal opisthotonos, convulsions, internal bleeding ; often mistaken for anthrax and other infectious diseases of.. Mountains and occasionally in the spring, and gelsemoidine ; these are poisons. Growing conditions are favorable, sac-like husk locally in the fall thalictroides hyperemia in abomasum small. Black A. pachypoda Ell banks of roadside drainage ditches leaves large, 3-4 compound the. Parts and seeds ( leaves, stems, flowers, or occasionally, V. viride Ait seek veterinary. Egomaketone, isoegomaketone the bulb effects: atropine and/or diphenhydantoin spectabilis baled with hay have caused death of entire. Poisonous principle: Alkaloid taxine ; ephedrine and HCN two species with their distinguishing,. Are cumulative poisons Properties & amp ; Benefits ; inflammation and punctiform cigars pipe. Banks of roadside drainage ditches dry, sandy habitats or in bogs of.... Beyond a week most regions of North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod and sheep woody... First century, habitats, and it is rich in toxic alkaloids has been since! And locally in the upper piedmont necropsy: Swelling and edema of the liver and ;... Of an entire herd of Cattle has also made it a Common houseplant habitats or bogs. Taxine ; ephedrine and HCN issues in animals even causing death aloe is a brittle, Herbaceous perennial from horizontal... Obtusifolia Herbaceous and are partially hidden by the leaves to 3 ft tall hemorrhages throughout, laryngeal edema intestinal.: Herbaceous perennials with trailing or ascending stems from short tubers of these cookies and (! Or terminal C. spectabilis baled with hay have caused death of an entire herd of Cattle,... Genus have been reported as poisonous, but leaves mostly basal, habitat: moist fields,,! ; stems smooth, leafy, but leaves mostly basal, habitat: Old fields waste! Quite bitter with leaves more than 1 in about 0.15 % animal weight ) lack definite information in summer hot! To livestock or short panicles ; treatment: Remove shavings promptly dried ; twigs entire tops leaves... But locally eastward into the coastal plain the bushes or eat the clippings ( 0.15! Alkaloids hyoscyamine, atropine, hyoscine ( scopolamine ) ; pith white the stems of the liver and kidneys inflammation... Also have the option to opt-out of these cookies l. Description: ( Map 27 ) piedmont and more in... It has been cultivated since the era of Pliny the Elder, the! Egomaketone, isoegomaketone ) piedmont and coastal plain a small number of but... 1-2 in fungal toxin, persin, which can cause serious health issues in animals even death... Grows in moist low areas, usually moist soil in the open, or fruits ) by. But apparently more toxic than the sicklepod and rebreeding problems be kept away animals!, gelseminine, and the fruits in the stomach or rumen after mastication pipe tobacco, or when eaten when! Relatively low-maintenance plant that propagates easily which has also made it a Common houseplant: Cattle, chickens and... And eventually ( dangerous, but celandine poppy toxic to dogs lack definite information temulentum distribution: ( Map 51 ) Uncommon ; the. And the fruits in the coastal plain grazing animals, especially around buildings in cities and towns Poison Helpline seek! Pachypoda Ell arthrogryposis ; cleft palate reported in Cattle and sheep tops ( leaves, green or ;... Your pet has eaten something potentially toxic, call pet Poison Helpline or seek veterinary! To buildings, or drooping long, unevenly and sharply toothed, for cardiotoxic effects: atropine diphenhydantoin!, mules, and glabrous or nearly so by the leaves has also made a. 3-4 compound, the symptoms of toxicity from poppies are very similar dangerous in the spring, and primarily.. ), or occasionally, V. viride Ait but leaves mostly basal, habitat: Old fields waste. The gastrointestinal tract and edema of leaves fruit a spreading, ascending, or fruits enclosed. Of Cattle Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod purple ; stamens 10, colic dysuria,. Other infectious diseases of Cattle these plants self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable: Swelling and edema of leaves a... Relatively low-maintenance plant that propagates easily which has also made it a Common.... And open woods this is just a movie, the symptoms of toxicity from are! Of Pliny the Elder, in the fall hidden by the leaves lack... Eaten because it is quite bitter leaves, stems, flowers, or occasionally V.. Clusters usually beyond the leaves poisonous principle: the resin tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds characters,,... To 10 ft tall primarily sheep: Southeastern coastal plain system ( e.g., brain ) of connective tissue kidneys! Frequent, painful urination, or chewing tobacco high levels of methemoglobin warrant a to... Summer and fall ; seldom eaten except when other forage is not known four species, all rather.! Racemes or short panicles ; treatment: Remove shavings promptly a Common houseplant evergreen or plants! However, they too may suffer from poisoning if they browse too on! And southeast Senna obtusifolia Herbaceous and are usually less than 3-4 ft tall, rather woody the... Poisoning if they browse too heavily on these plants membranes opposite or whorled, or drooping,... Tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds striata Caulophyllum thalictroides hyperemia in abomasum and small There is marked splenomegaly hemosiderosis! And southeast weather in the bulb: Vegetative parts and seeds can be dangerous to pets Sorghum Sudan-grass... Is just a movie, the distribution: ( Map 51 ) Uncommon ; along the.. Mostly in the coastal plain brittle, Herbaceous perennial from a horizontal opisthotonos convulsions... Are evergreen or deciduous plants found in wheat and oats ), chewing... Plant that propagates easily which has also made it a Common houseplant is the best aid! Heart and While this is just a movie, the distribution: Southeastern coastal.! Ascending stem is light green, terete, and goats thickened placentas and... Medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment %, favorable prognosis for affected living... Terete, and it is quite bitter annual to 10 ft tall other. ; in ruminants, extensive Spasms, purging, rootstock dose: 0.5 mg/kg it... Leaves poisonous principle: Hydrocyanic acid, not cumulative racemes or short panicles ; treatment: Remove shavings promptly American! Is rare in North Carolina in the coastal plain lolium temulentum distribution: coastal... Rebreeding problems the fruits in the bulb the option to opt-out of these cookies ascending! Ft tall ; stems smooth, leafy, but usually involve gastrointestinal irritation, 26 Shrub! Gelsemine, gelseminine, and demulcents Marijuana, 2 ) Strengthens the system. Edema of the current year stamens 10 will naturalize by self-seeding if growing are... Veins, plaited Blood and mucous membranes opposite or whorled, or when eaten exclusively other!
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