Odette Sansom at the FANY memorial at St. Paul's Church in Knightsbridge, London, in 1948. When Sansom would not answer, the man kneeling at her feet fastened pincers around the tip of one of her toenails and pulled. Four female SOE agents had been put to death in a concentration camp by lethal injection that month. Nancy Wake was the most decorated woman of the Second World War and by 1943 she was the Gestapos most wanted person with a 5 million-franc price tag and lived most of her life on the edge and in constant danger and her story is one of sheer bravery, strength and defiance. "Tortured French Woman Decorated by George VI," in The New York Times. The torture continued. This jacket was worn by Odette Sansom during the course of her confinement in Fresnes Prison and Ravensbrck. two years. When Louis returned to school, she continued her walks alone and, though she missed him, found an unexpected joy in solitude. Her torture was carried out by a "very good-looking young Frenchman" who she believed was mentally ill.[5], Sansom testified against the prison guards charged with war crimes at the 1946 Hamburg Ravensbrck Trials, which resulted in Suhren's execution in 1950. Burvale Cemetery, Hersham, United Kingdom Her wartime experiences and endurance of a brutal interrogation and imprisonment, which were chronicled in books and a motion picture, made her one of the most celebrated members of the SOE and one of the few to survive Nazi imprisonment. In the series Billie (Sarah Shahi) is a housewife living in Connecticut, who has just given birth to her . She is named on panel 26. Rarely would an assignment be easily completed, nor did agents have the luxury of time. [24] Britain's most prestigious organizations turned out forged papers for them to carry. On Name variations: Odette Hallowes; Odette Churchill; (code names) Odette Matayer, Cline, Lise. That brought her to the attention of Colonel Maurice Buckmaster's Special Operations Executive. The interrogator told her to unbutton it. 'F' Section sent agents to France on behalf of the British Government to work secretly against theGerman occupying forces. Odette Name Origin: German. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. The medal was awarded after medical records and eyewitness testimony supported her case. London: Arco, 1957. . An unexpected error has occurred with your sign up. (4) Odette Hallowes, The Times (17th March, 1975). she married Roy Sansom, a hotel worker, in 1931. The prince is captivated by her soulful countenance and starts to approach her, but she becomes frightened and turns from him. They hoped that this story would help. Churchill and in 1945, with the Red Armyadvancing on Ravensbruck Klaus Barbie, known as the "Butcher of Lyon," was a leader in the Nazi group called the SS, and was head of anti-Resistance operations in France duri, Himmler, Heinrich They claimed they were husband and wife and related to Winston Churchill. By October, when her health had just about failed, they moved her to a cell above ground. Women who changed the world Famous women who changed the world. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. God bless you and your children. Sansom received the George Cross on November 19, 1946, from King George VI, the first woman to be awarded the United Kingdom's highest civilian award for "courage, endurance and self-sacrifice." She learned how to fire British guns, how to identify the insignia on German uniforms, how to write, transmit, and receive Morse code, how to handle a canoe, and how to evade answers under SS (Schutzstaffel or "elite guard") interrogation; in short, all the techniques necessary for leading the double life of a spy. I won't let them have me." Odette was a quiet child. [17], In Ravensbruck Sansom was kept in a punishment block cell, on a starvation diet, and could hear other prisoners being beaten. In between each "evulsion," he would repeat his questions, telling her she could end "the ceremony" simply by answering the questions. to London where she gave birth to three children. Susan Slosberg , writer, New Rochelle, New York. following year she married Peter Churchill. In his book Odette: The Story of a British Agent (1949), Jerrard Tickell credits Sansom's survival to "the unassailable dignity in which she enclosed herself." Winston Churchill, prime minister of Great Britain, proclaimed his faith that France would be free once more, and Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French in London, encouraged his nation to fight back. They Feared No Evil: The Women Agents of Britain's Secret Armies, 193945. After the war he became a businessman. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. To every question Sansom simply replied: 'I have nothing to say'. Though the camp was designed to contain a maximum of 6,000 prisoners, after 1943, there were never fewer than 12,000. 1936). She told her story and accepted her GC on behalf of all her comrades who did not survive. Mahoney, M.H. She died on 13 March 1995 in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, England, aged 82. Joined the Resistance (1942); captured and brought to Fresne Prison in Paris (1943); tortured by the Gestapo (May 26, 1943); transferred to Karlsruhe prison (May 12, 1944); brought to Ravensbrck concentration camp for women in Germany under sentence of death (July 18, 1944); released from Ravensbrck (April 28, 1945); received George Cross from King George VI (November 19, 1946); testified for the prosecution at the War Crimes Court in Hamburg, Germany (December 16, 1946). Odette Marie Lonie Cline Brailly was born on 28 April 1912 at 208, rue des Corroyers in Amiens, France;[1] the daughter of Emma Rose Marie Yvonne ne Quennehen[notes 1] and Florentin Dsir Eugne 'Gaston' Brailly,[notes 2] a bank manager, killed at Verdun shortly before the Armistice in 1918 and posthumously awarded the Croix de Guerre and Mdaille militaire for heroism. He spun a tale to her of them travelling together to London to "discuss means of ending the war." The Gestapo pounced. 1 lot left! As well as Odette Sansom there were numerous other female spies who served in the SOE as secret agents in occupied France they include: Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. Her wartime experiences had taught her two great truths; that suffering is an ineluctable part of the human lot, and that the battle against evil is never over., Odette Hallowes, The Times (17th March1975). She is buried with Odette at Burvale cemetery where her name is given as Yvonne Marie Rose Brailly. Odette is a 1950 British war film based on the true story of Special Operations Executive French agent, Odette Sansom, living in England, who was captured by the Germans in 1943, condemned to death and sent to Ravensbrck concentration camp to be executed. near Herrlingen, Germany Who Can Benefit From Diaphragmatic Breathing? Odette Sansom (1912 1995) a French/British spy who worked as an SOE operative in occupied France. French-bornOdette Sansomworked undercover in France during theSecond World War. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). A collection of war medals, including the George Cross, awarded to an Anglo-French World War Two Resistance heroine has sold at auction for 260,000. She briefly married, Peter Churchill, before marrying her third husband, Geoffrey Hallowes. Still, she refused to speak. She was met by Peter Churchill, codename 'Raoul', and joined his resistance group. Grove, Valerie. [2] She had one brother. Heroes and Heroines. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. [3], At the time of her arrival in France, the Spindle network was beset by internal strife between the principal agent, Andr Girard, and his assistant and with the network's radio operator, Adolphe Rabinovitch. As she fell forward, the interrogator asked, "Where is Arnaud?" What happened to Odette's daughters? Great location near I-80 The following month, after American and British troops landed in French North Africa, the Germans were prompted to enter the unoccupied zone, at which point the Mediterranean coast took on new significance for the SOE. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Sansom wassent to Ravensbrck concentration camp, Germany, in July 1944. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. In their striped uniforms, with bristling hair on their shaved heads, Sansom and the other women had to stand at attention for two to six hours until the count was complete. The couple had three daughters: Franoise Edith, born 1932 in Boulogne; Lily Marie, born 1934 in Fulham; and Marianne Odette, born 1936 in Fulham. He learned from Marsac the location of Churchill and Sansom, got a letter of introduction to them from him, and proceeded to Saint-Jorioz where he introduced himself to Sansom as "Colonel Henri". They summoned her to Avenue Foch 14 times, always pressing her for the whereabouts of SPINDLEs radio operator and the hideout of another circuit leader. Sansom instructed Rabinovich to send a wireless message to SOE headquarters in London reporting the contact. They were married after just five weeks and Violette gave birth to their daughter Tania on 8 June 1942. "The Last Days of Auschwitz, 50 Years Later: Untold Stories From the Death Camp," in Newsweek. Odette, who by that time had married her third husband and become Odette Hallowes, died in 1995 at the age of 82. "Train me," she said. German field marshal known as the "Desert Fox" The Germans wanted to know the true identity of Spindle's wireless operator, "Arnaud," as well as the whereabouts of a British officer, Captain Francis Cammaerts, who had landed in the plane which had taken Churchill to England. The torture involved, beatings, having her toenails torn out and her spine branded by a hot iron. "[5], The Germans generally found persons of the prisoners' own nationality to carry out the torture, she later recalled, so that one "could not say they were tortured by the Germans." When she refused to divulge the whereabouts of her spy circuit's wireless operator and another British officer, she not only saved the lives of other agents but enabled them to continue their work for the Resistance. You are welcome to search for what you are looking for with the form below. Four years later, Sansom was following the fall of France in British newspapers, listening to BBC radio reports as refugees choked every road from Paris to Marseilles while German troops marched down the Champs-lyses. She was subjected to torture. She is holding Tania Szab , daughter of SOE officer Violette Szab . We use cookies on our website to collect relevant data to enhance your visit. Prime commercial lot on Rt. she worked under Peter Churchill, the SOE's organizer in that part These three would then recruit, arm and work with local French Resistance fighters to sabotage German trains, barges, bridges and supply depots. For eight weeks, the women were apparently forgotten by the authorities and were housed, well apart from each other, in crowded cells in the civil prison. Sincerely yours, A Bad Egg. Despite a report by the camp doctor that she would not survive such conditions for more than a few weeks, after being found unconscious in her cell she was placed in solitary confinement. All Rights Reserved. The officer responsible for Sansom's torture in Paris was also executed in July 1944, for ordering the shooting of British parachutists captured in uniform. Odette Hallowes has a story unlike anyone else. "[27] In 1955, she co-founded the annual Women of the Year Lunch with Tony Lothian and Lady Georgina Coleridge (journalist and daughter of the Marquess of Tweeddale). Sansom, known as Odette Churchill after her marriage, gained considerable fame after the publication of a 1949 biography[29] and a film on her war work and prison ordeal in 1950. Alternatively, search more than 1 million objects from What happened to Odette Hallowes? 1995. where are the children of Odette Sansom now. "Every Sunday morning, after church, we were taken to the grave of my father, who was killed at Verdun 30 days before Armistice. Check here if you would like to receive subscription offers and other promotions via email from TIME group companies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Held by the Gestapo in Nazi-occupied France, for two years she refused to betray he Soldiers as POWs desc, Albert Speer They either had a skill the SS valued, a job where they could steal food, or a protector who looked after them. At one point toward the end of the war, she witnessed an instance of cannibalism of a dead inmate by starving prisoners. She was subsisting on just one slice of bread and a bowl of. Odette Sansom, also known as Odette Churchill and Odette Hallowes, was born on 28 April 1912 in Amiens, France. 3 Commercial Lots- Minooka, IL -For Sale Eventually, she was sentenced to death and sent to Ravensbruck concentration camp for her execution. Sansom, an elegant, vivacious young Frenchwoman who had been living in England, detested the Nazi system, the police state, and Hitler. related to Winston Churchill. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Orders arrived from Berlin in July. In 1942,Odette Sansomwas invited to join 'F' Section of theSpecial Operations Executive(SOE). They learned how to pick locks and pockets, forge signatures, and derail trains. [11], Meanwhile, in Paris in mid-March, spy-catcher Hugo Bleicher, an Abwehr counterintelligence officer, arrested Marsac, persuading him and another Carte associate, Roger Bardet, that he was an anti-Nazi German colonel and that they should work together. Stafford, David. She was taught self-defence, Morse code, and how to resist interrogation. Odette Sansom was born in France but later moved to England. Gleeson, James Joseph. Sansom also gave evidence against several ofRavensbrck's staff, which influenced their sentencing. Odette Brailly was born in Amiens, France, on 28th April 1912. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. In some cases, hit-and-run guerilla attacks were staged. World War Two's most highly decorated female spy has had a train named after her by Great Western Railway. Larry Loftis is the author of CODE NAME: LISEThe True Story of the Woman Who Became WWIIs Most Highly Decorated Spy, available now from Gallery Books. Starved and tortured, Odette never broke. In January 1943, to evade arrest, Churchill and Sansom moved their operations to near Annecy in the French Alps. She was captured, interrogated and tortured, and in July 1944, sent to Ravensbrck concentration camp in Germany. "Sansom, Odette (19121995) In October 1942, leaving her three daughters at a convent school in Essex, 30-year-old Odette Sansom became a member of the Women's Transport Service, a part of the First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY). One secret policeman, sergeant Hugo Bleicher, did just that. Buckmaster played himself in the film, and Sansom, then known as Odette Churchill, wrote a personal message that appeared at the end of the film, which was well received. When they told her she was to be executed, listing her many crimes against the Nazi Third Reich, she told them to take their pick of offenses, because they could only kill her once. Her official point of commemoration is the Commonwealth War Graves Commission Brookwood 19391945 Memorial to the Missing in Brookwood Military Cemetery, Surrey. Sansom was shocked by the lax attitude towards security by her French supporters. Back in her cell, Sansom ripped her prison cloth into strips to bind her feet. Men and women from the SOE would work within occupied nations, disabling factories, wrecking power houses, and severing lines of communication. Her body was soon covered in scabs, and she suffered from dysentery and scurvy. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1980. She was 82. That she survived the war was almost miraculous. Peter Churchill persuaded the authorities in London that due to the new situation he would need a talented French-woman to be his courier. The infirmary doctor gave her an injection and she was returned to her cell. There were beatings, tortures, mutilations and rapes. Instead, after the war, she worked for various charities seeking to lessen the pain of war. On 3 May 1945, knowing that Allied forces had entered Germany, the camp commandant, Fritz Suhren, decided he wanted to escape. Shren, along with his top-ranking prison staff, was executed following the War Crimes Tribunal at Nuremberg. After she regained her sight, rheumatic fever left her weak and partially paralyzed for months. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. What happened to Odette Sansom daughters? Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then she demanded his revolver, put it into her bag, turned and walked into the nearby village. However, the evaluation noted "her patriotism and keenness to do something for France." Her family did not announce the cause of death of Mrs. Hallowes, born Odette Brailly in France. French-born Odette Sansom worked undercover in France during the Second World War. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. She was the first woman to be awarded the George Cross by the United Kingdom and was awarded the Lgion d'honneur by France. [5] She adopted an attitude of defiance, and found that this resulted in a degree of respect by her captors and helped her survive the imprisonment mentally. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Through an ingenious plot, Bleicher arrested Odette and her commanding officer, Peter Churchill (no relation to the prime minister), on April 16, 1942. He was warned to avoid contact with Sansom and 'Colonel Henri" on his return to France, but when he was parachuted back into the Annecy area on April 14/15, he was met by Sansom and Rabinovich. Please try again later. Magazines, CODE NAME: LISEThe True Story of the Woman Who Became WWIIs Most Highly Decorated Spy, Or create a free account to access more articles, The Extraordinary Bravery That Made This Woman One of World War II's Most Remarkable Spies. Walther PPK pistol taken by Odette Sansom from Fritz Suhren, commandant of Ravensbrck concentration camp, after he had driven her to the American lines in May 1945. Born November 15, 1891 [33], Documents disclosed long after the war indicate that her superiors had to fight for Sansom's George Cross, because she was unable to prove that she had been tortured by the Nazis and that she had not betrayed her fellow agents. It was there, the next night, that they were arrested by Italian troops and a German security agent. Was Peter Churchill related to Winston Churchill? from the east, she persuaded Fritz Suhren, the camp commandant, to Her pat answer was always the same: I have nothing to say. When the Gestapo realized that she would never talk, they condemned her to death and sent her to the one place feared by every woman in Europe: Ravensbrck. Hearing the broadcast, Sansom wrote that she had photographs taken around Boulogne, but she mistakenly sent her letter to the War Office instead of the Admiralty. Her humility meant she was not keen on accepting the award, but she did accept it on behalf of all agents who suffered during the war. Odette Sansom GC, MBE (28 April 1912 13 March 1995), also known as Odette Churchill and Odette Hallowes, code named Lise, was an agent for the United Kingdom's clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) in France during the Second World War. Other The marriage 82. Sex/Life is a drama series inspired by the book 44 Chapters About 4 Men by BB Easton. London: Chapman & Hall, 1949. The couple moved They would later have Lily in 1934 and Marianne in 1936. During a mission in France she was captured and imprisoned by the Nazi's. November 9, 1970 When German counter-intelligence became more of a threat, Churchill moved his circuit of saboteurs and information gatherers to Upper Savoy in February 1943. At 2:00 a.m. on April 16, Bleicher, no longer in the guise of "Colonel Henri", appeared in the hotel with Italian soldiers and arrested Sansom and Churchill. I am not all that bad it's just circumstances. Bleicher of Abwehr. The SS wanted to keep her as a bargaining tool. On May 26, 1943, Sansom was taken to the headquarters of the German security service. When he assures her that he means no harm, Odette reveals to him that she and her companions have been placed under a spell by the wicked Von Rothbart. She and Churchill were arrested there on 16 April 1943 by spy-hunter Hugo Bleicher. Please attempt to sign up again. She had already made three unsuccessful attempts to get to France. By the end of March 1941, the first members of the French Section were in intensive training in Britain. This act of selfless bravery saved him from interrogation but it was the start of Sansom's ordeal. Before spies left England, Scotland Yard detectives scrutinized their clothing. In desperation, some women would scrape soot with their nails from the prison walls to try to blacken the roots of their gray hair hoping to look younger and be spared death during selection. Prisoners, including three SOE agents, were shot outside Sansom's window, which faced the entrance of the crematorium. She was a Frenchwoman, married to an Englishman, and was living in Somerset with their three young daughters. They'll have a dead body, useless to them. What happened to Odette's daughters? help establish a new circuit in Burgundy. 1804 Division St - Morris, IL -For Sale Sansom was the only one officially condemned to die and, ironically, the only one to live. [32] She remains the only woman to have received the George Cross while alive, all other female awards to date being posthumous. "Life wisdom learnt in the darkness of a torture cell; Odette Hallowes, GC.," in London Sunday Times. Carve Her Name With Pride Film based on the life of Violette Szabo. Long Waits, Short Appointments, Huge Bills. ended in divorce in 1956 and she married Geoffrey Hallowes, a wine 2023 TIME USA, LLC. She began to understand that they were asking her to volunteer for more than part-time work as a translator. Fifteen of them were captured by the Nazis. In 1914, her father joined an infantry regiment. Here, she was placed in the concentration camps underground prison, appropriately named the Bunker.. She seems to have little experience of the outside world. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our. Yet, only one of their answers Epcot's "Frozen Ever After" overlapped. Sansom was torn, as she wanted to help but didn't want to leave her children. She died in 1995, aged 82. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. In December 1946, giving evidence at a war crimes trial in Hamburg, she would describe how she had seen women being driven screaming and struggling to the crematorium doors. Infuriated, Bleicher sent her to Ravensbrck concentration camp. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Finally, she was taken to Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. Odette was a courier for the SPINDLE circuit of Special Operations Executive (SOE), the secret sabotage outfit Winston Churchill had charged to set Europe ablaze. She was a wife and mother of three who didnt drink, smoke or swear, and to the casual observer she was quite ordinary, perhaps even boring. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance in occupied Europe against the Axis powers, especially Germany. She became what one biographer described as a "celebrated heroine on both sides of the Channel." She lived quietly, carrying on an extensive correspondence. agents,Yolande Beekman, Eliane Plewman, Madeleine Damerment, Vera Colonel Henri was a German officer who claimed he wished to work for the allies. [3][21] The cell was located near the crematorium and would be covered with burned hair from the cremations. A French agent working for the British during World War II, Odette Sansom left three small daughters to join the Resistance in 1942. Biography of Odette Sansom, Oxford, www.biographyonline.net, 16th Mar 2008. Instead, Sansom told the Americans to take him prisoner. ." She left her children in a convent and began training with the SOE. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The fact she survived undetected for over a year is a testimony to her care and professionalism. 5 Non-Christmas Movies to Watch This Holiday, Best Online Games to Play with your Friends, 12 tips for creating visual content on social media. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". To accomplish these tasks, couriers carried messages and money to their associates almost on a daily basis. It seems like you have tried to open a page that doesn't exist. To honor her is to honor them, she felt. A matchstick was made in which the equivalent of nine sheets of paper could be carried and then hidden among the regular matches in the box. Yolande Beekman ("Yvonne"), Madeleine Damerment ("Martine"), and Eliane Plewman ("Gaby"), along with Noor Inayat Khan , were executed without trial in Dachau on September 13, 1944. With her three daughters in a convent school, Odette trained as an SOE agent. "People in trouble or despair seem to think I am someone of learning to turn to," she explained. Odette Sansom returned to the UK and in 1945, she became the recipient of a MBE and the year after, she received the George Cross. "I have nothing to say," Sansom replied. She was to land on the Mediterranean coast and work her way north, where SOE hoped to establish a new circuit. 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