Opinions vary on how to refer to someone with autism. It is not interchangeable with American sign language; in fact, its not sign language at all. According to the University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living, Non-disabled is the preferred term when the context calls for a comparison between people with and without disabilities. However, this term is not widely used. Neurodiversity basically means that brains operate differently and thats not a bad thing. NCDJ Recommendation: Cretin is considered a slur to describe a person with intellectual disabilities. Otherwise, hard of hearing is almost always acceptable. AP style:The style book defers to the National Association of the Deaf, stating: Hearing-impaired was a well-meaning term that is not accepted or used by many deaf and hard of hearing people.. Chronic illnesses such as Parkinsons disease, diabetes, lupus or Crohns disease may fall into the category of invisible disabilities. Avoid saying a person suffers from or is afflicted with the disease. The terms senility and senile denote conditions brought on by aging and often are used incorrectly to denote dementia. However, only about 15% of those with eye conditions are totally blind. And if you cant ask the person, dont avoid writing about disability. When they are alone, when they congregate, they do not feel lacking in anything. Background: People who use mobility equipment such as a wheelchair, scooter or cane consider the equipment part of their personal space, according to the United Spinal Association. Instead, we hope you will double down to find out how people would like to be described. Other medical diagnoses associated with dementia include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntingtons disease, Parkinsons disease and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (previously known as wet brain). Typical can be a better choice. WebAccording to the National Association of the Deaf, there are approximately 28 million deaf and hearing-impaired people in the U.S.--roughly 10 percent of the total population. If Full Deaf, call them Deaf. In addition to their cognitive component, many types of dementia include physical symptoms, such as the abnormal eye movements of Huntingtons disease or the tremors associated with Parkinsons disease. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using handicap and handicapped when describing a person. Do not assume that a person who has had a seizure has epilepsy. People with these conditions often are referred to as quadriplegics and paraplegics, but these terms are considered offensive by some. NCDJ Recommendation: It is preferable to use neutral language when describing a person who has a disability, simply stating the facts about the nature of the disability. Background: A deformity is a condition in which part of the body does not have the typical or expected shape, according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Earwax impaction is another culprit. Slurred speech without alcohol is linked to a variety of diagnoses that are cause for concern, including: Multiple Sclerosis Brain Tumors Lyme Disease Head Injury Cerebral Palsy Stroke Able-bodied is an appropriate term to use in some cases, such as when referring to government reports on the proportion of able-bodied members in the workforce. Many people with chronic illnesses do not consider themselves disabled and thus may be offended by the term. Disability advocacy groups emphasize that it is important not to assume people are homebound if they are disabled. The term functional needs is preferred when a term is required. NCDJ Recommendation: Many people prefer people-first language, such as a person with tetraplegia rather than tetraplegic, since this implies that the condition defines them. We also will include some guidance in individual entries here but again, we encourage you to confirm on a case-by-case basis. People often use "suffering" to describe disabilities because they understand disability as a condition, something that only causes pain and suffering. Avoid using psychotic as an adjective to describe a person; instead refer to a person as having a psychotic condition or experiencing a psychosis. Avoid using the terms colloquially. Web"Deaf" usually refers to a hearing loss so severe that there is very little or no functional hearing. While those with Tourette syndrome often can suppress tics by focusing on them, the disorder also can be treated with medication, relaxation techniques and therapy. The average height of a dwarf is 40.. The World Federation of the Deaf has taken the stance that hearing impaired is no longer an acceptable term. Ask your sources for their preference. NCDJ Recommendation: Colorblind is still generally acceptable, but in the interest of accuracy, consider indicating what kind of color-blindness a person has, such as red-green color-blindness. Background: The University of Kansas Research & Training Center on Independent Living describes these as chronic medical conditions characterized by neurological impairment, muscle pain and weakness, respiratory problems and gastrointestinal complaints. Additionally, a person who does not use speech may be able to hear. In 2009, the writers of the television show Glee introduced the term handicapable as a positive alternative to other ways of referring to people with disabilities. The Genome Research Institute offers comprehensive information about different genetic conditions, genetic testing and other pertinent topics. NCDJ Recommendation:Avoid using cripple as either a noun or verb unless you are describing the crip movement or if its in a direct quote. NCDJ Recommendation: Deaf or hard of hearing are the preferred terms. A person enrolled in a treatment center should be referred to as a patient. It has been criticized by some in the Deaf community who are concerned that the device could threaten Deaf culture. NCDJ Recommendation: The term non-disabled and the phrases does not have a disability or is not living with a disability are more neutral choices. Many people object to the use of the word to describe a physical condition because it is used in colloquial English as a synonym for weak, as in: Thats a lame excuse., The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines lamebrain as a dull-witted person.. Some members of the disability community oppose its use because it implies that all people with disabilities lack able bodies or the ability to use their bodies well. Stroke. AP style: Not addressed except to state that homebound and housebound are one word with no hyphens. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using the terms high functioning and low functioning. Instead, use medical diagnoses and describe an individuals abilities and challenges, rather than using less-specific labels. Use of the word dwarf is considered acceptable when referring to the genetic condition, but it is often considered offensive when used in a non-medical sense. A seizure that lasts longer than five minutes is a medical emergency. Background: The Merck Manual ddefines vegetative state as the absence of responsiveness or consciousness in which patients show no awareness of their environment. Why is it often considered more PC to say "Hard of Hearing" instead? Slurred speech without alcohol is linked to a variety of Proponents of the term say it helps to destigmatize relationships between people with disabilities and people without disabilities. en abril 28, 2022 abril 28, 2022 moaning minnie synonym. Refer to a disability only when its relevant to the story and, when possible, confirm the diagnosis with a reputable source, such as a medical professional or other licensed professional. A birth defect is a physical or biochemical difference that is present at birth. Background: There are a number of types of mental health professionals. Thats OK. You may end up using a derogatory term in a direct quote, but be certain that its fundamental to the story. question whether there is such a thing as a gifted child. Most are proud to be Deaf. The condition is a neural tube defect that occurs when the spinal column does not close all the way in the womb. combination of your inner ear and the nerves in your ear. Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder usually caused by an extremely emotional traumatic event. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having autistic spectrum disorder only if the information is relevant to the story and if you are confident there is a medical diagnosis. Twice-exceptional students represent a unique group of learners with diverse programming and emotional needs due to the fact that they may have both gifts and disabilities.. Background: Members of the disability community argue that characterizing people with a disability as sick or referring to them as patients signals there is something unwell about them or that they are in need of medical attention, when, in fact, that is often not the case. Psychoanalyst: A specific type of psychotherapist trained to work with both an individuals unconscious and unconscious mind. However, some readers object to trigger warnings and view them as patronizing and stifling to academic freedom. It is more accurate to cite the specific disability or disabilities in question. These conditions also are called toxicant-induced loss of tolerance, environmental illness or sick-building syndrome.. It is best to ask your sources what they prefer and take that into consideration. The plural of dwarf is dwarfs.. Other terms are acceptable for those with some vision loss. The word dates to Old English, where it was related to words that meant to creep or bend over. According to the blog grammarphobia.com, it became offensive in the early 20th century and was replaced by handicapped and then by disabled., Recently, some disability activists have reclaimed the word. For others who have a loss of vision, the American Foundation for the Blind uses the term low vision, which it describes as uncorrectable vision loss that interferes with daily activities. The foundation says that other terms commonly used to describe vision loss partial sight, partial blindness and poor vision are no longer in general use. See also Insane/mentally deranged/psychopathology, Background: The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines cretininism as a usually congenital condition marked by physical stunting and intellectual disability and caused by severe hypothyroidism and goes on to say, Chronic iodine deficiencies in diet can result in malfunctions of the thyroid gland, the gland that produces hormones necessary for normal human development. The word special in relationship to those with disabilities is now widely considered offensive because it euphemistically stigmatizes that which is different. AP style: Not specifically addressed, but AP refers to paraplegia in its general disability entry. If a medical diagnosis is not available, use quotes around the word and indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed. Its considered offensive. Migraine. Again, proceed with caution. Should someone who is blind be identified as such in a story about people who have been stranded while hiking and had to be rescued? People with albinism also are sensitive to the effects of the sun and are at increased risk of developing skin cancer., According to the National Organization on Albinism and Hypopigmentation (NOAH), there is debate over whether albinism is a disability, but it is often referred to as one because of issues associated with vision. Epilepsy manifests differently in individuals: The severity of epileptic seizures, their occurrence rates and the emergence of other health problems differ from person to person. Severity and symptoms vary widely. Use the term dissociative identity disorder, not multiple personality disorder, and avoid the acronym DID.. It is typically caused by a spinal cord or brain injury. It can be used with babies and older children. But what is relevant is not always clear. Alzheimers disease is the most common form of dementia. If a medical diagnosis is not available, use quotes around the term and indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using these terms when describing a person with a disability or the programs designed to serve them, with the exception of government references or formal names of organizations and programs. Consider stating that someone has epilepsy or has been diagnosed with epilepsy instead. Some argue that the term commit implies that suicide is a criminal act, while others view the term commit as neutral. Use the term hypothyroidism instead. Partially sighted: Used most often in British publications for those not legally or completely blind but less acceptable in the U.S. Visually impaired: Similar to the term . Another note this time about the language around COVID-19. Do not refer to an unsuccessful suicide attempt. Refer instead to an attempted suicide.. Background: Merriam-Webster defines the noun cripple as a lame or partly disabled person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect. It also is used as a verb. WebHearing-impaired This term is no longer accepted by most in the community but was at one time preferred, largely because it was viewed as politically correct. Alternate phrases include killed himself, took her own life or died by suicide. The verb commit with suicide can imply a criminal act. The institute states, It is common for people to have mixed dementia a combination of two or more types of dementia. Patients may exhibit eye movements and other involuntary movements. However, academics eventually found there was little scientific evidence that the technique worked, leading many to conclude the aide was actually the one communicating, according to a study from Emory University. Use interpreter only for those who have completed advanced training. Jonas Salk introduced the polio vaccine in the 1950s, which drastically reduced cases of polio in the U.S. Although technology is making it easier for libraries to provide effective WebDeafness is defined as "a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification." It was first reported in 1866 by Dr. John Langdon Down and is characterized by a range of physical and cognitive characteristics, which the National Institutes of Health details. AP style: PTSD is acceptable on either first or second reference but should be spelled out at least one time. It is acceptable to refer to someone as having spastic cerebral palsy, but it is derogatory to refer to someone as spastic or a spaz. When describing specific symptoms, it is always best to ask the person what terms they prefer. The field was founded by Sigmund Freud. Dont say that an awards show, for example, was schizophrenic.. If thats not possible, ask a spokesperson for the organization representing the relevant disability for preferred terminology. Use recovering to refer to someone with the disease of addiction, as in someone recovering from alcoholism.. Background: Muscular dystrophy could refer to any of more than 30 genetic conditions characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the muscles that control movement, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. People with cerebral palsy can exhibit a variety of symptoms. These personalities, medically known as alters, can exhibit different speech patterns, mannerisms, attitudes, thoughts, gender identities and even physical characteristics. If someone has any degree of hearing loss which is below what it should be, then their hearing is technically impaired. Instead, be specific about the condition and use only if relevant to the story. 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Disabled and thus may be offended by the term and indicate that a has! Interchangeable with American sign language ; in fact, its not sign language all. Best to ask your sources what they prefer a spinal cord or brain injury a patient how. Specifically addressed, but be certain that its fundamental to the story related... Refers to a hearing loss which is below what it should be spelled out at least one time relevant! Condition and use only if relevant to the story ask a spokesperson for the organization the! Caused by a spinal cord or brain injury emotional traumatic event is no longer acceptable. Person enrolled in a treatment center should be spelled out at least one time World Federation the. Indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed are totally blind then their hearing is almost always acceptable, example... Old English, where it was related to words that meant to creep or bend.. Your ear question whether there is very little or no functional hearing some argue that term! 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